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Monday, September 29, 2014

3 ways phonics helps children with platypus words and spelling

Did you know that with phonics the spelling rules and platypus words make sense to a child?

        But there are questions, you say. What about the fact that not all words can be read using the phonics rules? Actually, about 80% of English words are phonetic, if you know the rules. Proper phonics instruction would be the key, here. Also, when words are sounded out phonetically, they are close to the right word, but just sound like someone speaking with an accent. It is really easy for a child to hear herself say it the wrong way and quickly know the right way. Children’s minds make these wonderful leaps that aren’t possible with guessing at sight-words.

        What about the fact that the English language is neither intuitive, natural, nor phonetic in spelling? Not true. Those that don’t think the English language is mostly phonetic must have been taught with a lot of sight-reading or the inability to see root words and languages. It is really easy to see that ‘said’ was originally the past-tense of ‘say’, therefore written and spoken as ‘sayed.’ It’s easy to see that ‘sayed’ could have slipped into ‘said’ when spelled phonetically. Then over the years, we grew lazy and pronounced it ‘sed.’ American English has changed the pronunciation of British English with such relaxations in many words. See Platypus Words in Vol. 4 & 5 of It's Not Rocket Surgery!

        Continuing with the knowledge that almost any child can become much more intelligent with the proper phonics method early in life, let’s discuss irregular spellings.

        Sounding-out words phonetically helps children remember how to spell them. When I was learning to spell, I would say a word the way it looked first, then I could remember how to spell it. For instance, the word ‘bicycle’ is really two (bi) wheels (things that rotate in a cycle). Even though we pronounce the word as ‘bi-sickle,’ saying it out loud as ‘bi-cycle’ helps one remember how to spell it and WHY. If a child heard you say ‘bi-cycle,’ she would immediately know it was a ‘bi-sickle.’

        As for my youngest son, he has an individual temperament of perfectionism (OCD) that many children may not have. However, most children have their self-esteem deeply shaken by the constant guessing game in whole-language sight-reading. Despite his OCD, if my son sounded-out ‘great’ as ‘greet’, or ‘beard’ as ‘bird’ (rhymes with "heard" right?), he wouldn’t fall to pieces nor lose his confidence. Proper phonics instruction has taught him the rules of ‘ea’ combinations having three possible sounds.

        Once the WHY is known, it is much easier to remember which words use which sounds for the spelling. It is also easier to learn to spell which homonym has ‘ea’, and which has ‘ee’ by saying them strictly phonetically on purpose. Looking for "context and meaning" should only be done after the letter sounds (and later- diphthongs & blends) are understood first.

        What about the fact that, at some point, we have to confront irregular spellings and words that are so common in our language? The other thing proper phonics instruction does is to help a child look for the root words within the prefixes and suffixes. I show my children how strange spellings have a root from another language. Then it is easy to learn which of our words have a German, French, Spanish, or another origin. It becomes a game and a fun puzzle to see common German spellings or French spellings, or whichever. For example, once a child knows that ‘eau’ is usually a French spelling for the long ‘o’ sound, it makes sense (beau, bureau). Or that the German sound for ‘ei’ is the long ‘i’ sound (stein), not the long ‘a’ sound (weigh) we commonly use.

        Children also understand the idea of platypus words, or those that “don’t follow the rules.” The platypus animal does not follow the rules of taxonomy (is it a bird or a mammal?). But pronouncing a word phonetically still makes it easier to spell and remember. The connection between the sounds of the letters and the accepted pronunciation make a sensible link in the child’s mind that sight-reading does not.

        For example, why do we say ‘was’ like ‘wuz’? I would tell my child to say ‘wass’ first, then explain we’ve become lazy and say ‘wuz’ now. I would also have my child look for other words where the letter ‘a’ sounds like the short ‘u’ (above, around, among, etc.) and for words where the letter ‘s’ sounds like a ‘z’ (surprise, uses, busy, etc.). Phonics rules allow for alternate sounds, teach those sounds, and help a child recognize their use.

Sunday, September 21, 2014

How to prevent dyslexia

You may ask, "What about those phonics-only readers who struggle as much as sight-word readers?"
       I have never met any. They are rare, the exception – not the rule. Obviously if thy exist, they have not been given complete synthetic phonics, the right tools to understand the English language. Actually, true phonics readers don’t develop dyslexia.
        I had a co-worker who claimed she was dyslexic even though her elementary school used Hooked On Phonics® as its teaching method. She said she mixed up numbers and such, yet she was now successfully working on Amended 1040X tax returns as an IRS seasonal worker (yes, I have done that job, too). But what she didn’t seem to realize was that, the phonics had cured her. She read well and fluently, and was an intelligent woman.
        Being a tax examiner for amended returns is one of the hardest positions at the IRS, and she could read and understand the complex instructions in the Internal Revenue Manual (IRM). She was definitely not a sight-reader nor had reading problems. One thing I have  noticed is that young phonics readers do not mix up numbers with letters, but many young sight-readers do. Interesting phenomenon. And sight-reading can cause dyslexia in many children.
         If my coworker still had a problem with numbers, which I doubt, it may have been because of the math-teaching method her school used. The reform math uses methods similar to whole language. (And Common Core makes all this much worse.)
        There are incorrect ways to teach phonics, which is why I stress to not only teach it early, but to also teach it correctly. Early reading the right way, The Godfrey Method. When my youngest daughter came to a big word and paused, I reminded her to break it up into 3 or 4 pieces (syllables) and to read each piece. Once that was done, she easily put it together. She felt happy that she did it herself and gets more confident with each new word. She also saw the common sound patterns of the word and made connections to other words. She could not do that with the whole language reading method.
        There are several charts of monosyllable words for beginners in Vol. 2 of It's Not Rocket Surgery! for parents to use with their young children.

Sunday, September 14, 2014

7 questions parents need to know about reading

These 7 questions answer why phonics first for your child:
        1. How does early reading by phonics increase my child’s IQ?
        Several studies show that a person’s intelligence quotient (IQ) is only about 50% genetic. The other 50% that affects IQ is environment. Any child’s IQ can be raised by what mom and dad do at home. And the more they learn at younger ages, the more they are able to learn for the rest of their lives. Of course, part of the nature-nurture mix is the child's own inner motivation. Give your child the chance to be his or her best self. My dad taught me to read when I was only 3 years old.
        How to be an exceptional parent without spending a lot of money = early reading the right way. Intelligence is not completely genetic. Almost any child can become much more intelligent with the proper phonics method early in life. The sooner we recognize what's wrong at the roots of our reading-instruction approaches the better.
        2. Why is phonics reading better than sight reading?
        Scientific research shows that phonics wires a child’s brain properly for efficient, excellent reading. Learning sight-words first wires a child’s brain in the wrong place for reading. Dyslexic children read with a different part of the brain than do normal readers. Reading is hearing with your eyes. The Godfrey Method wires the child’s brain properly for a sure foundation. It makes a mental connection between letters and sounds like no other. Prevention is much better than remediation. If a child learns sight-reading first, he may have trouble reading later as an adult.
         3. How will learning to read early affect my child’s school years?
         Children who start kindergarten ahead of the class usually stay there for the rest of their school careers. They have more confidence and self-esteem, too. They get to skip the embarrassment of going to remedial resource classes, too.
        4. What about children needing to be taught using the most efficient method according to their personal learning style?
        What may be efficient or seem easier in the early years, such as sight-word flash cards, will often bring trouble later in life, when there are no more flash words, no more teacher to tell you when your guess is right, and no way to decode a new word. Teens and adults aren’t prone to ask for help with reading when they are stuck on a word. It is embarrassing.
        Personal learning styles - whether visual (seeing), audio (hearing), kinesthetic (body movement), and/or musical - that actually involve phonics-instruction work best for a child. Sight-reading should NOT be considered a child's learning style. If your baby can read by sight-words, s/he may struggle with reading later. Always put phonics first.
        5. How is the Godfrey Method different from other reading methods?
        It uses an innovative picture-letter phonics system that even young children can grasp, woven into an enchanting stories, A Funny Boy Was Prince River, for one. The Godfrey Method is able to start children younger, which increases your child’s capacity to learn for life. It is affordable, time-saving, prevents dyslexia, provides quality parent-child time, helps children learn faster and easier than other phonics methods, improves speech, and helps boys catch up to girls in school sooner.
        The Godfrey Method is simple yet effective, and the child never forgets. Our motto is, Keep it Simple for Success (KISS). All children do not learn the same. The Godfrey Method involves several senses and learning styles.
        6. Why doesn’t the Godfrey Method use a lot of electronic devices?
        Studies show that too much TV, radio, video games, and computer time may trigger autism or dyslexia in young children. The Godfrey Method focuses on books for 2 reasons, to keep flashing lights and noises away from young, developing minds, and to provide nurturing interaction between parent and child. Holding your child on your lap or next to you, reading A Pretty Girl Was Alpha Bette and doing the phonics cards, is much more beneficial than plopping a child in front of the TV with a DVD and walking away. What may be more convenient for the parents may be devastating to the child’s mind. Why take the chance?
        7. Did you know that sight-reading can cause reading problems? Proponents of this method try to solve the problem (that they created) with some strange remedial methods.
        Which brings me to miscue analysis. Dr. Samuel Blumenfeld said it best, so I will quote parts of his article, Miscue Analysis (ibid.), here:
        Frank Smith and Kenneth Goodman knowingly mislead the public. “Frank Smith explains the concept of the miscue in Understanding Reading (p. 151): The prior use of meaning ensures that when individual words must be identified, for example, in order to read aloud, a minimum of visual information need be used. And as a consequence, mistakes will often occur. If a reader already has a good idea of what a word might be, there is not much point in delaying to make extra certain what the word actually is. As a result it is not unusual for even highly experienced readers to make misreadings that are radically different visually — like reading “said” when the word is actually announced or reported but which make no significant difference to the meaning. Beginning readers often show exactly the same tendency... The mistakes that are made are sometimes called miscues rather than errors to avoid the connotation that they are something bad (Goodman, 1969). Such misreadings show that these beginning readers are attempting to read in the way fluent readers do, with sense taking priority over individual word identification.
        “One could write a book about the utterly perverse reasoning in that paragraph. In the first place only a sight reader could make the kinds of errors Smith illustrates. A phonetic reader will make entirely different kinds of errors, perhaps something on the order of scanning hastily and reading deported for departed, but then correcting himself because the sentence doesn’t make sense. On the other hand substituting “said” for “announced” is the kind of error that Schmitt found that defective children made even though they had been taught to read by a phonetic method.
        “I can confirm this tendency on the part of retarded individuals to read as Schmitt observed from my own experience as a tutor. For ten years I tutored a retarded young man and taught him to read by intensive phonics. Yet, he often made the kinds of errors Schmitt observed. Whenever he came to a word he could not read, he substituted a word which made no sense phonetically. In other words, sounding out the word was not his first means of word attack, even though the word might have been one he had previously read correctly. Whenever he did this, I had him spell out the word, and suddenly his phonetic knowledge came to the fore, and he read the word correctly.
        “When Frank Smith tells us that normal beginning readers make the same kinds of mistakes that defective children make, what he should tell us is that normal beginning readers taught to read by the whole-word method make the same kinds of errors that adult sight readers make! It is one of the dishonest tricks that whole-language advocates play, by not telling the reader when speaking of miscues what kind of beginning reading instruction was used with the individuals being examined. The very fact that the word “miscue” is used instead of “error” is a good indication of the intellectual dishonesty at work, the fancy sleight of hand being used to confuse the public.
        “Apparently, the idea of “miscue analysis” was dreamed up by Prof. Kenneth Goodman and his wife, Yetta, two of the leading founders of the whole-language movement. In my opinion, miscue analysis is probably the worst form of educational malpractice ever invented. What they do is take a poor sight reader — a victim of the whole-word method — and try to improve his guessing “strategies.” After all, it was Ken Goodman who defined reading as a “psycholinguistic guessing game.” In other words, no attempt is made to train the poor sight reader to become an accurate phonetic reader. As long as the sight reader's word insertions, omissions and substitutions relate more closely to the meaning of the text, they are acceptable.
        “In short, the purpose of miscue analysis is to make sure that the pupil remains permanently crippled as a sight reader and never becomes an accurate phonetic reader. Ken Goodman writes in The Whole Language Catalog (p. 100): “Miscue analysis helps people to realize that many of the miscues kids are making are sensible, even remarkable sometimes, in what they reveal about the language processes that the reader would have to go through to have produced them.”
        Yetta Goodman writes in the same article:
        “Insertions and omissions can give you tremendous insight into whether a reader is proficient or not. Proficient readers tend to make insertions more than less proficient readers; certain kinds of omissions tend to be things that are acceptable to the syntax and semantic structure of the text, and good readers make them all the time. Other kinds of omissions indicate kids who want to leave out words that they are afraid to try and identify.”
        “Can you believe it? A reader is more proficient if he or she reads something that isn’t there — that is, inserts a word in the text — than a reader who doesn’t! Of course, the Goodmans have no intention of teaching these sight readers to become phonetic readers.”
        Ken Goodman writes:
        “The concept I put in the place of ‘remedial’ is ‘revaluing’; that is where the intent of the teacher is to help the child to revalue himself or herself as a reader and to revalue the process; to help the child move away from the process of sounding out and attacking words, and toward making sense out of print and legitimizing the kinds of productive strategies that the kids have been using and had thought were cheating. These kids are often their own worst enemies in that their beliefs about themselves and their ability to learn get in their way constantly; they're very easily discouraged. So a lot of patient time taken to help them revalue themselves is the most essential thing.”
        “In other words, the main therapeutic purpose of miscue analysis to convince the defective reader that it’s okay to be a defective reader, as long as the miscues make sense. But, of course, in the workplace such nonsense does not hold water. An error is an error no matter what else you may call it, and to try to convince a child that an error is not an error will not serve him well when he is an adult confronting the demands of a technologically advanced economy that requires accuracy and precision in thinking and performing and reading.”
        “The quest for truth requires a respect and appreciation for accuracy and precision of thought. If, to begin with, you denigrate accuracy in reading, you denigrate the pursuit of truth… Miscue analysis is the crudest hoax ever perpetrated on unsuspecting children. To convince a normal child that it is perfectly all right to read as if he had a defective brain is so heinous a form of miseducation as to be nothing short of a crime.” This article was taken from The Blumenfeld Education Letter, Vol. 7, No.12 (Letter 76), December 1992. Editor: Samuel L. Blumenfeld, reprinted on www.donpotter.net
        The newsletter masthead reads: “My people are destroyed for a lack of knowledge.” [Hosea 4:6] The purpose of this newsletter is to provide knowledge for parents and educators who want to save the children of America from the destructive forces that endanger them.
        “Our children in the public schools are at grave risk in 4 ways: academically, spiritually, morally, and physically – and only a well-informed public will be able to reduce these risks. “Without vision, the people perish” [Proverbs 29:18]. Notes by Donald L. Potter, May 20, 2005, Odessa, TX.
        Yes, we CAN make reading easier by pulling the process apart and teaching phonics reading skills. To a phonetic reader, reading is NOT a “psycholinguistic guessing game.” It is accurate and precise. No wonder the U.S. is falling behind as the technological giant. Many of our young adults now were taught by these faulty teaching models.
        By the way, remedial classes mushroomed since Project Follow Through because the methods were, and still are, creating more learning disabilities than ever before. Private (commercial) tutoring has mushroomed too, because parents are desperate to fix what the schools have done. But many parents cannot afford to pay for good (not the school’s) remediation. TGM is something anyone can afford to do at home, the earlier the better.

http://thegodfreymethod.com/content/BeingaWiseOwl7questionsparentsneedtoknowaboutreading 

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

3 reasons why phonemic awareness is so important

Why does the Godfrey Method promote early reading the right way?
                Research shows that the best time to start reading readiness and reading is between the ages of 2 to 5 years old, when the most brain neuron mapping is occurring. Waiting until school age loses that most crucial window of time, and may be too late for some children. Reading is the foundation of everything else. Catch this opportunity for your child.
The Importance of Phonemic Awareness
 Phonemic awareness is the beginning of phonics. Don’t believe the nay-sayers.
        In New Jersey’s Language Arts Literacy Curriculum Framework 1998 (reminiscent of California’s 1987 framework), the debacle of whole-language persists. In it “there is no directive for the systematic instruction of sound-symbol decoding or knowledge of other language structures. Phoneme identity, spelling correspondences, syllables, and meaningful parts of words (morphemes) are not to be the content of instruction at all, according to this document.
        “Children in New Jersey apparently are expected to read by imprinting and osmosis. Similar expectations characterize the standards of Vermont, Ohio, and North Dakota, among others.” ~ The Illusion of Whole Reading, by Louisa Cook Moats.
        The rest of her article is very eye-opening. Such as, some whole-language defenders “caution teachers that phonemic awareness and phonics instruction can be dangerous, boring, ineffective, or irrelevant, and shouldn’t be overdone. Such a tone echoes even through Teaching Children to Read, the recent report of the National Reading Panel.” They couldn’t be more wrong!
        One definition of insanity is – “repeating the same mistakes and expecting different results.” Whole-language is insanity.
        Telling the truth about the Whole-Language fiasco is not demonizing it. It was already there. We are just debunking the myths it was constructed upon. Unfortunately, the method we justifiably expose has also been similarly used in instrumental music teaching, as well as “reform” math, doing considerable damage there, too. The population's silent participation has already accumulated several obstacles to good-quality language teaching that must be overturned.
        In Phonemic Awareness: What Does it Mean? by Dr. Kerry Hempenstall, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, 2003, he writes,
        “Over the past two decades, but particularly in the last 10 years, there has been a burgeoning consensus about the critical importance of phonemic awareness to beginning reading success, and about its role in specific reading disability or dyslexia. [One definition of phonemic awareness is] the ability to recognize that a spoken word consists of a sequence of individual sounds.
        “What is clear is that phonemic awareness concerns the structure of words rather than their meaning. To understand the construction of our written code, readers need to be able to reflect upon the spelling-to-sound correspondences.
        “…beginning readers must first have some understanding that words are composed of sounds (phonemic awareness) rather than of each word as a single indivisible sound stream [sight-word]. This awareness appears not to be a discrete state, but rather a sequence of development ranging from simple to complex… or from shallow to deep.”
        Marion de Lemos in, Phonics: The Building Blocks to Reading, October 20, 2004, says it simpler:
        “ There is now a consensus among reading researchers that the skills underlying the facility to read are the ability to break up words into sounds (phonemic awareness), and the ability to connect these sounds to letters or clusters of letters by a process of blending and segmentation (phonics). Without specific teaching, many children fail to develop these skills.” http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=2662
        According to Grover J. (Russ) Whitehurst, White House Summit on Early Childhood Cognitive Development (July 26, 2001), exposure to reading should follow this sequence. Appropriate goals or targets for phonemic awareness at different ages:
Infants and toddlers:
Emotional bonding
Pleasure in book interactions
Sound of parents' voice
Two- and three-year-olds
Vocabulary and concepts
Book knowledge
Narrative understanding
Four- and five-year-olds
Print knowledge
Phonological sensitivity
Letter-sound correspondence
Emergent writing

        “The goals of one developmental period don't cease when the next developmental task begins. Thus, positive emotional experiences around books, which should begin for infants and toddlers, shouldn't stop when children reach two or three years of age and need to start learning acquiring vocabulary and concepts.”
        Did you know that parents are the proven best teachers for their preschoolers and children? Parents and early reading the right way are the keys to reversing the downward educational trend for your child. They are the recipe for preventing dyslexia. They are the simple yet effective solution.
        You may ask, "What if I don’t know how to teach my child?"
        You don’t have to have a teaching certificate to teach your child to read. In The Godfrey Method books, the parental guidelines fit on one page. They are easy to understand and easy to follow. It is vital that parents themselves do one-on-one phonics with their kids early. We provide the tools and the way to teach them properly.
        Why does the Godfrey Method promote phonics at home rather than preschool?
        Studies show that children learn best from their own parents. Children learn faster and easier from their own parents than from preschools. Preschools have their place for certain situations, but the home is the ideal place for a child to learn. Parents are their children’s best teacher. Universal preschool would be a fiasco and travesty for our children. The Godfrey Method uses a positive approach that defuses power struggles between parent and child.       
        With The Godfrey Method, parents can and should teach phonemic awareness and phonics simultaneously with reading stories, etc., almost from the beginning. I always started my children at 18 – 24 months old, with wonderful results and no downside. Put your children on the launch pad of life and watch them soar!
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